The federal law-required inpatient data set for Medicare reporting is known as the ____________.

The correct answer is the Uniform Hospital Discharge Data Set. This data set is essential for the collection and reporting of inpatient data under the Medicare program. It is designed to standardize the data collected for inpatient hospital discharges, facilitating consistent reporting and comparison across healthcare institutions. This standardization is crucial for various functions, including quality assessment, determining reimbursement, and conducting healthcare research. The Uniform Hospital Discharge Data Set captures critical information such as patient demographics, diagnosis, procedures, and discharge status, providing valuable insights into hospital performance and patient outcomes.

Other options do not fit the context of federal law-required inpatient data sets for Medicare reporting. The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program pertains to efforts to reduce readmission rates but does not serve as a data set. The Ambulatory Surgical Data Set focuses on outpatient procedures, while the Global Burden of Disease Data Set is an international research initiative that tracks health loss due to diseases, not specific to Medicare inpatient data reporting.